WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.210 --> 00:00:02.010 Jess Jung: we're going to get started. 2 00:00:02.850 --> 00:00:18.510 Jess Jung: hi everybody, welcome to Kelly bittner schmidt's presentation on social justice, identifying attribute attributes antecedents and consequences, through a multi disciplinary literature review Oh, I should have done my vocal warm ups Kelly i'm so sorry okay. 3 00:00:19.110 --> 00:00:30.960 Jess Jung: My name is Jesse young i'm a faculty fellow in the office of the provost and because of that I get to coordinate this series it's the Faculty research series on engaged citizenship and inclusion. 4 00:00:31.650 --> 00:00:40.800 Jess Jung: The series is hosted by the office of the provost and showcases the scholarly research of nds you faculty who have published on matters of social responsibility. 5 00:00:41.130 --> 00:00:58.920 Jess Jung: Equality inclusion and open minded ethical decision making an action, the series partners with en de Su library so before I turn it over to Dr a bit nourishment i'm going to invite our Bernardo to tell us about the library resources that support this series. 6 00:00:59.940 --> 00:01:10.200 Al Bernardo: So on behalf of the libraries committee on equity diversity and inclusion we're happy to be collaborating with the engaged citizens citizenship and inclusion research series. 7 00:01:10.500 --> 00:01:16.800 Al Bernardo: So in the chat i'm going to post, the link where we provided some additional information about provide some more context and resources. 8 00:01:17.310 --> 00:01:26.880 Al Bernardo: To accompany today's presentation, as well as a link to a page with some more information about the library's commitment to equity diversity and inclusion, so thank you and i'm looking forward to the talk. 9 00:01:28.920 --> 00:01:29.220 Jess Jung: Thank you. 10 00:01:30.630 --> 00:01:44.460 Jess Jung: Alright, so I just wanted to let you all know, we'll have time for questions, following the presentation and of course you're also welcome to add questions to the chat as we go, but with that i'm excited to turn it over to Kelly. 11 00:01:46.410 --> 00:01:58.140 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Well, thank you very much, I also am excited to be able to present to you today and to be part of this faculty series of talks, and I am going to share my screen now. 12 00:02:00.120 --> 00:02:08.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So I would like to begin with just quoting the World Health Organization and that social justice is a matter of life and death. 13 00:02:13.200 --> 00:02:16.680 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Something is happening here on my there we go. 14 00:02:22.680 --> 00:02:32.520 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So, most of this presentation comes from my publish concept analysis on social justice, and so the reference and link for that publication are on the last slide. 15 00:02:32.880 --> 00:02:40.350 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: I did not take the time to always include all the citations and references in this presentation, because the majority of them are on. 16 00:02:41.070 --> 00:02:54.030 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In the publication in a few places I did add them when I added some additional content that's not in the publication, before I begin i'd like to give you just a couple of minutes to think about some of the words in the subtitle here. 17 00:02:55.140 --> 00:02:55.980 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: have to go back. 18 00:02:58.140 --> 00:02:59.580 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So attributes. 19 00:03:01.050 --> 00:03:16.950 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: attributes are similar to what we would call signs and symptoms of that of the concept, they are more formal definition is that they are critical characteristics that helped to differentiate one concept from another. 20 00:03:17.760 --> 00:03:29.550 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: related concept and clarify its meaning so i'd like you just to think about for a minute, what do you feel are the attributes of social justice, maybe you want to write them down. 21 00:03:29.940 --> 00:03:36.600 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: i'm thinking that after we go through this i'll ask you again to see if your concept has changed from. 22 00:03:36.810 --> 00:03:43.800 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The beginning of the presentation so again, what are the attributes, what are the critical characteristics of social justice. 23 00:03:44.040 --> 00:03:52.860 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: That would separated from other concepts that would be quite similar and that's sort of a deep question I know so that might be a little bit difficult to answer. 24 00:03:53.460 --> 00:04:10.770 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Easier one to answer, maybe, or what are the antecedents so what comes before social justice, what must be in place in order to have social justice so again, maybe you want to write down a few of your thoughts what needs to be present to have social justice. 25 00:04:14.490 --> 00:04:26.070 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And then next is, what are the consequences of social justice, so if we have a social justice society, what does that look like, what are the consequences of having social justice. 26 00:04:29.490 --> 00:04:42.270 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Again, as you listen to the presentation consider writing down your thoughts are some of the terms that really resonate with you during the presentation and let's see if, at the end of the presentation that your thoughts have changed. 27 00:04:44.040 --> 00:04:53.250 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Support for this researchers from the Robert wood Johnson foundation nursing and health policy collaborative at the University of new Mexico. 28 00:04:54.210 --> 00:05:14.070 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The primary aims of this concept analysis were to conduct a multi disciplinary literature review to identify social justice is at attributes antecedents consequences and to develop a synthesize definition using rezone and concept analysis methods. 29 00:05:18.480 --> 00:05:23.850 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Before I go through their methods and steps for the analysis, I want to share just a little bit of background on myself. 30 00:05:24.150 --> 00:05:34.350 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: I have been a public health nurse, be it in practice or teaching or being a researcher for 37 years now, so when the opportunity came to do a concept analysis. 31 00:05:34.650 --> 00:05:47.310 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And, knowing that one of the cornerstones of public health, nursing is social justice and having worked in the field for many years and seeing and working with social injustices and seeing the impact of those injustices. 32 00:05:47.580 --> 00:05:57.720 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: This is what led me to try to pursue a deeper understanding of social justice for myself and also to be able to share that with others, have the same interest. 33 00:05:58.320 --> 00:06:07.680 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So to conduct the analysis I use the wilsonian method that has six steps, the first step is isolating the question of concept. 34 00:06:08.610 --> 00:06:30.120 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Second, is developing the right answers to those questions identifying the uses of the concept, then answering the questions that we identified in step, one of the concepts, then we analyzing the concept for current relevance and identifying potential uses of the concept. 35 00:06:31.290 --> 00:06:41.190 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So Questions of concept or potentially questions of fact or value or the concept themselves, so the analysis that I conducted in that I published. 36 00:06:41.460 --> 00:06:47.550 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: actually had four questions, two of them were very nursing specific and, since this is a broader audience. 37 00:06:47.880 --> 00:07:05.130 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Today i'm just going to focus on two of the questions from the concept analysis that are not nursing focused and these two questions are listed here what is social justice and how is it defined and, once again, what are the attributes antecedents and consequences of social justice. 38 00:07:11.820 --> 00:07:25.650 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So, to develop the right answers, we must first decide what are the boundaries of the analysis, so the boundaries of this analysis, are defined by the data sources, the search terms used and other limits. 39 00:07:27.900 --> 00:07:37.710 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Second, then, is all are all the uses of social justice within the boundaries, they need to be identified and then the right answers can be developed. 40 00:07:39.900 --> 00:07:51.390 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So the databases used that were some of the boundaries where's that I use the signal search engine which is a nursing and allied health database and also pubmed. 41 00:07:52.140 --> 00:08:04.140 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The timeframes for these articles were published since 1994 from signal and since 1968 for pubmed details of the search strategy is included in the publication. 42 00:08:04.620 --> 00:08:22.440 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: additional sources were identified too broad searches of the literature in numerous disciplines I reviewed to social justice books and relevant websites for searched the reference list of these sources were appraised for additional sources and only English language article for included. 43 00:08:26.010 --> 00:08:34.590 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The results section will continue with the steps, three and four, and that will include the findings of the Multi disciplinary literature review. 44 00:08:34.920 --> 00:08:47.220 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: A development of the right answers some case examples a discussion of uses and context and then again the synthesize definition, along with the attributes antecedents and consequences. 45 00:08:50.760 --> 00:08:56.730 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So the disciplines that I looked at were pretty were were many it was interesting as I went through this. 46 00:08:57.570 --> 00:09:05.520 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: That I would find other disciplines that I did not know I would be delving into geography, I had not thought that geography would have. 47 00:09:06.210 --> 00:09:12.630 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Some ratings on social justice, so that was sort of a surprise, so we will go through. 48 00:09:12.960 --> 00:09:20.070 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: All of these summon a little more depth in nursing a car, since that that's my discipline will be quite a bit of nursing. 49 00:09:20.340 --> 00:09:34.080 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Public health is really again social justice is one of the cornerstones of public health, so we have quite a bit on public health, so after that there will be quite as many soul might want to bear with me a little bit as we go through some of this. 50 00:09:36.240 --> 00:09:44.100 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So for nursing previously social justice was a critical value for all nurses Florence Nightingale. 51 00:09:45.870 --> 00:09:53.070 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And Lillian Wald were both social justice advocates most people know Nightingale is lady with the lamp. 52 00:09:53.340 --> 00:10:08.820 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: She also was involved with politics for social and economic issues, some feel that she really kindled the light of justice for nursing and other disciplines Lillian walled was known for advocacy to bring health care to residents of New York city's lower East side. 53 00:10:11.100 --> 00:10:22.050 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And at the turn of the 20th century, she worked to create a more just society fighting for public health care women's rights children's rights for running a Henry street settlement. 54 00:10:22.680 --> 00:10:31.920 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: nurses strong history of social justice, advocates was diminished with the rise of the medical model and with the majority of nurses, providing in patient care. 55 00:10:32.580 --> 00:10:38.100 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In the early 2000s some of the nursing literature began calling for nursing to reinvest in social justice. 56 00:10:38.340 --> 00:10:49.650 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And to do so, beyond just the individual level and to extended populations, so there was a need to find the political will for nursing to address equity issues globally, and this was stressed. 57 00:10:50.940 --> 00:10:57.150 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In 2008 the usc central's a baccalaureate education for nursing by the American colleges of nursing. 58 00:10:57.450 --> 00:11:10.950 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: place social justice as a core nursing value and defined it as acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status, race, ethnicity age citizenship disability and sexual orientation. 59 00:11:11.310 --> 00:11:17.520 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The interesting thing that the focus was on fair treatment primarily for individuals within the systems. 60 00:11:18.000 --> 00:11:28.680 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Contrast this to the 2008 the same year, Canadian nurses association code of ethics that list of promoting justice as one of seven values and responsibilities. 61 00:11:28.980 --> 00:11:36.210 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And provided explicit practice recommendations to address social justice, Canadian documents through inclusive. 62 00:11:36.690 --> 00:11:48.720 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: individuals, groups communities programs policies legislation regulation systems and structures, then you can see, the various terms that were listed within the code. 63 00:11:49.050 --> 00:11:57.390 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Rights equity fairness allocation of resources system and structural changes social determinants of health and global health. 64 00:11:58.080 --> 00:12:16.020 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And although published after this concept analysis, I am very happy to say that the newest a CN essential now does include social justice and I checked the document and it's mentioned 21 times and has advanced in its usage in its recommendations tremendously. 65 00:12:21.720 --> 00:12:29.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So then we'll move into public health, as I mentioned, social justice is a foundation of public health, the World Health Organization, Commission. 66 00:12:30.900 --> 00:12:42.870 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: developed a Commission on the Social determinants of health and they provided leadership which determine that health inequities were impacted by political, social and economic forces. 67 00:12:43.200 --> 00:12:48.540 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: and recommended influencing social determinants of health, to improve health equity. 68 00:12:48.840 --> 00:12:56.760 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Within this document and documents released about the same time, equity and social justice, were used interchangeably and that's not necessarily true. 69 00:12:57.150 --> 00:13:08.190 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: any longer i'm going to digress just a bit from my publication and share with you the World Health Organization sustainable development goals. 70 00:13:09.390 --> 00:13:24.780 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The UN sustainable development goals are St geez are also known as global goals, these are 17 goals that have 169 targets that all UN Member States have agreed to work towards achieving by the year 2030. 71 00:13:25.350 --> 00:13:33.540 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The 17th St geez or an urgent call for action by all countries developed and developing countries in global partnership. 72 00:13:34.020 --> 00:13:41.940 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: That St geez recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand in hand with strategies that improve health and education. 73 00:13:42.420 --> 00:13:52.650 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: reduce inequality and spur economic growth, all while tackling climate change and working to preserve our environment, such as our oceans and our forests. 74 00:13:53.190 --> 00:13:58.080 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: They sent out a vision for a world free from poverty, hunger and disease. 75 00:13:58.590 --> 00:14:10.530 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Health, of course, as a central place as stg three, which is in the Center of this diagram to ensure healthy lives and promote well being for all people, at all ages. 76 00:14:11.010 --> 00:14:17.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Almost all the other 16 goals are related to health or their achievement which will contribute to health indirectly. 77 00:14:18.540 --> 00:14:24.810 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The St Jean we seem to be relevant to all countries, rich and poor and middle income. 78 00:14:25.260 --> 00:14:42.510 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: They have a strong focus on improving equity to meet the needs of women, children, disadvantaged population, in particular, so that no one is left behind and I did include a web link there to a video that's a couple of minutes in length, but I don't think we'll have time to do that today. 79 00:14:43.890 --> 00:14:50.400 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: I also digress a bit from the publication to share with you the US based social determinants of health. 80 00:14:51.090 --> 00:14:59.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And this is from healthy people 2030 so social determinants of health and again the conditions of environments in which people are born live. 81 00:15:00.090 --> 00:15:14.940 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Learn work play worship in age that affect a wide range of health functioning and quality of life outcomes and risks and the social determinants of health can be grouped in for five domains healthcare access and quality. 82 00:15:15.780 --> 00:15:25.650 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: neighborhood and built environment, social and Community context economic stability, education, access and quality. 83 00:15:29.970 --> 00:15:34.590 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So back to the publication and the concept analysis so both champ. 84 00:15:35.520 --> 00:15:44.340 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Public Health a social justice defined justice as the fair and equitable distribution of societies benefits and burdens. 85 00:15:44.730 --> 00:15:59.160 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: braverman and griscom clarified that equities focus on the distribution of resources and other processes that drive health inequality and Stanley called for rigorous science to improve public health and social justice. 86 00:16:01.770 --> 00:16:08.010 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: One of the books that I reviewed was by powers and fading and that focused on people in social communities. 87 00:16:08.280 --> 00:16:23.100 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: or groups social institutions such as governments and markets and on in equities politics and the means of allocation the identified social justice concerns as worries about subordination and stigma. 88 00:16:23.610 --> 00:16:33.540 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: lack of respect, lack of institution and social practices that adequately support capacities for attachment and self determination. 89 00:16:34.200 --> 00:16:40.590 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: powers and faden stated that their primary concern was the ends, to be achieved through social justice. 90 00:16:41.190 --> 00:16:48.120 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: They also stayed at the public health should be concerned about the distribution of resources and the outcomes of social justice. 91 00:16:48.540 --> 00:17:02.610 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: They identified six essential dimensions of well being to be achieved at a sufficient level for all those are health reasoning self determination attachment personal security and respect. 92 00:17:05.820 --> 00:17:14.790 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Levi and styles book I focused on social injustices defined as the denial or violation of rights of specific groups. 93 00:17:15.060 --> 00:17:27.060 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Based on the perception of their inferiority by those with more power or influence and policies and actions that adversely affect the societal conditions in which people can be healthy. 94 00:17:27.630 --> 00:17:37.830 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Social justice was described as being grounded in distributive justice, the real causes identified social injustices were identified as poverty. 95 00:17:38.670 --> 00:17:56.940 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The income gap between people unequal distribution of resources, discrimination, the lack of human rights protection and political disenfranchisement social injustice was considered to be a principal cause and cons consequence of war and terrorism. 96 00:17:58.740 --> 00:18:02.910 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Other language that was within the social justice literature is listed here. 97 00:18:03.390 --> 00:18:15.570 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: From a variety of sources so disadvantaged disenfranchised deprivation marginalization, are the negatives more positives of social justice is equal opportunities. 98 00:18:15.960 --> 00:18:27.810 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Freedom to participate fully in one society social structures carrying dignity collective health political rights financing of health care and prestige. 99 00:18:29.610 --> 00:18:41.310 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So the results in Madison historically medical individualism led to a moral vacuum exaggeration of human agency and a thin conception of justice. 100 00:18:41.550 --> 00:18:50.700 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: More currently the medical literature, states that social injustices can lead to poor health outcomes and calls for equitable opportunities for all, to be healthy. 101 00:18:51.270 --> 00:19:07.080 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also, that physicians ethical conflicts include a struggle between their doctor patient relationship requirements and social justice responsibilities do is recommended that physicians develop a broad sense of Community responsibility in their practice of medicine. 102 00:19:12.630 --> 00:19:24.810 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: or philosophy rawls of who is an American philosopher is known for his theory of justice as fairness and stated justice is the first virtue of social institutions. 103 00:19:25.080 --> 00:19:31.860 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: He also stated that equality is a hypothetical concept to begin the development of the justice concept. 104 00:19:32.490 --> 00:19:43.620 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: interpretations roles work included that adjust society has free citizens holding basic equal rights cooperating within an egalitarian system. 105 00:19:44.370 --> 00:19:51.690 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: institutions include the political constitution, the legal system, the economy and organizations that distribute. 106 00:19:52.050 --> 00:20:11.580 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The main benefits and burdens of social life, including rights opportunities work recognition distribution of income and wealth and more social justice was related to citizens good collective good reciprocal advantage for all fair offer equal opportunity for all. 107 00:20:14.460 --> 00:20:23.340 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: economic equality political equality, equal basic right self respect and affirmation of self so went the wrong way. 108 00:20:24.150 --> 00:20:33.420 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Okay next is the legal aspect of social justice and the American Bar Association made statements about their duty to bring social justice to the world. 109 00:20:33.870 --> 00:20:43.380 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: topics and this literature included many ideas, including the relations between rich nations impersonations and the process of remedying oppression. 110 00:20:46.770 --> 00:20:54.180 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In psychology the definitions were influenced by authority power and peer pressure which affect how others are treated. 111 00:20:54.630 --> 00:21:03.210 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Oppression was recognized as domination and control of others to institutional systems and policies and social justice was described as full. 112 00:21:03.510 --> 00:21:16.560 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: and equal participation of all of groups societies equal distribution of resources, physical and psychological safety, security of all and included the process and institutional context. 113 00:21:18.930 --> 00:21:33.090 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: For sociology this literature differentiated social justice from legal justice political justice and economic justice and discuss social and economic inequalities and the allocation of goods. 114 00:21:33.690 --> 00:21:50.100 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In this profession distributive justice was considered an alternate form of social justice and social justice was defined as the realm of status respect sense of worth given and received in social interactions and in relation to society. 115 00:21:51.750 --> 00:22:00.660 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: For social workers there's a code of ethics from the National Association of social workers which deemed social were deemed social justice to be. 116 00:22:01.080 --> 00:22:15.270 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Both a value and ethical principle stating that social workers challenge social injustices and pursue social change, particularly within on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed individuals and groups of people. 117 00:22:15.690 --> 00:22:31.110 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: and focused primarily on issues of poverty, unemployment and discrimination, social workers, then strive to ensure access equality of opportunity and meaningful participation in the decision making for all people. 118 00:22:33.210 --> 00:22:38.460 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So, interestingly, as I mentioned before my readings led me to geography and geography. 119 00:22:39.360 --> 00:22:57.330 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Social justice definitions These included the distribution of society's benefits in burdens and how this actually comes about, it also included sharing resources in power with questions related to spatial access to resources and exposure to environmental hazards. 120 00:22:59.250 --> 00:23:07.560 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Economics had quite a bit to do with social justice, the World Bank focused on social justice as any qualities of opportunity. 121 00:23:07.860 --> 00:23:19.170 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: and say that that a reduction in the inequities was consistent with and maybe necessary in order to us for us to obtain long term efficiency and prosperity. 122 00:23:19.800 --> 00:23:30.990 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Interestingly, the American Bar Association included economic justice in their social justice definition stating social justice was a guiding virtue in the creation of institutions. 123 00:23:31.560 --> 00:23:38.190 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Just social institutions, giving access to what is good and that piece follows justice. 124 00:23:38.850 --> 00:23:49.290 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also in the Economic literature, the conception of social justice, focused on equality of opportunity and fairness, as it relates to income distribution, the struggle for power. 125 00:23:49.980 --> 00:24:05.280 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Institutional social and political structures distributive justice disparities social, political, legal and economic institutions social order liberty and equality of economic opportunity. 126 00:24:09.360 --> 00:24:16.770 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: niche was a social economist who explained that social justice is inextricably connected to the common good. 127 00:24:17.070 --> 00:24:28.440 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And that distributive justice requires that the allocation of income wealth and power in society be evaluated in light of its effects on persons whose basic material needs are unmet. 128 00:24:29.190 --> 00:24:42.930 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: contributed justice means that persons have an obligation to be active and productive participants in the life of a society and that then society has a duty to enable them to participate in this way. 129 00:24:43.410 --> 00:25:00.390 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: niche also concluded that social justice consists of everyone's rights to share and participate in the common good in accordance with his or her needs, coupled with his or her obligations to contribute their to in occurred it in accordance with his or her ability. 130 00:25:03.180 --> 00:25:13.530 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The term social justice was used in Roman Catholic writings as early as 1840 and was defined as the virtue that ordained all human X towards the common good. 131 00:25:14.220 --> 00:25:22.740 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Pope Paul the six in 1967 created the justice and peace commission to address international social justice obligations. 132 00:25:23.010 --> 00:25:40.890 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Stating that extreme disparity between nations in economic, social and educational levels provokes jealousy and discord often putting peace in jeopardy, and that those wealthier nations have a duty to a developing nations and obligation to social justice. 133 00:25:42.120 --> 00:25:50.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: not specific to Catholic writing so religious literature included that the secular and religious origins of social justice can augment each other. 134 00:25:51.270 --> 00:26:03.600 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: and have shared concepts of human equality distributive justice rights, the common good and fair distribution of resources by social structures and institutions. 135 00:26:06.690 --> 00:26:16.110 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So now we'll move away from the review of literature results and go on to step two, which is developing the right answers to the questions that we identified. 136 00:26:16.590 --> 00:26:27.600 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: As you have learned the disciplines have varying views of social justice, with many overlapping issues, however, the broad goals of social justice, seem to be quite. 137 00:26:28.050 --> 00:26:39.750 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Similar so next I will share various cases uses and context of social justice First is the social context, the social context can change. 138 00:26:40.170 --> 00:26:47.760 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: concepts, for example in religion social justice was described as a virtue a moral duty and an obligation. 139 00:26:48.300 --> 00:27:03.780 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In philosophy, it was also considered a virtue, but related to equality fairness, the legal oppression can be legal profession considered social justice as empowerment adjust ordering of society or remedying of oppression. 140 00:27:04.470 --> 00:27:15.150 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Again, surprisingly, in the field of geography social justice was discussed in terms of power and the distribution of societies benefits and burdens and processes of distribution. 141 00:27:15.780 --> 00:27:23.970 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: nursing, public health and medicine focused on equity health outcomes participation well being and social determinants of health. 142 00:27:24.810 --> 00:27:35.730 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The World Health Organization focused on daily living conditions, the an equitable distribution of power, money and resources and the impact of action, including the role of society. 143 00:27:36.600 --> 00:27:49.440 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: A model case of social justice, justice we described in the publication was the allocation of tobacco settlement dollars and i'm just going to restate that case here so. 144 00:27:50.730 --> 00:28:06.960 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The 1998 us tobacco master settlement resulted in payments are more than 240 $6 billion over 25 years to the majority of the US states if you add in tobacco taxes total state tap. 145 00:28:07.380 --> 00:28:22.710 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Tobacco revenues was 251 billion in one year, however, states only spend 2.3% of that revenue on tobacco prevention tobacco cessation and tobacco control. 146 00:28:23.220 --> 00:28:29.850 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Now the CDC has provided recommendations for funding levels for each state for tobacco, prevention and control. 147 00:28:30.480 --> 00:28:41.640 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In North Dakota after several years of unsuccessful efforts by advocates requesting the north Dakota legislature fun tobacco prevention with these dollars according to recommend levels. 148 00:28:41.970 --> 00:28:55.350 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Of voter initiative was placed on a November election ballot the voters supported the recommended recommended level funding resolving them in North Dakota being the only State funded at the CDC recommended level. 149 00:28:55.710 --> 00:29:13.740 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: This is an example of social justice, because the tobacco companies who profited from selling an addictive product that causes significant morbidity and mortality were then a paying to prevent the initiation of new smokers and to assist in cessation efforts of current smokers. 150 00:29:15.210 --> 00:29:24.990 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So that's the model case, then a contrary case shows the opposite and we described which, something that is an injustice, not a social justice and we described. 151 00:29:25.410 --> 00:29:29.100 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: A hospital that was based in hospital based clinic. 152 00:29:29.640 --> 00:29:43.020 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: That was in Seattle that increased access for physicians to 24 hours a day, and provided same day service lengthier appointments advocacy with insurance companies, increased privacy and client areas. 153 00:29:43.260 --> 00:29:55.770 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: To clients who then paid between three and $6,000 per year above the regular premiums, the clients were given the physicians email addresses and cell phone numbers for immediate access so that. 154 00:29:56.070 --> 00:30:03.300 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: would not be an example of social justice, because that would not be accessible to many people at all. 155 00:30:04.800 --> 00:30:17.130 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And then, an emotive context, so the underlining emotive context of social justice, really is characterized by an intensity and deep emotions related to social injustices and often it's easier. 156 00:30:17.370 --> 00:30:30.240 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: To think of when things are not just then when they are just and the emotions, as to whether and how to resolve these injustices so neutrality really was not part of any of the literature, there was always. 157 00:30:30.720 --> 00:30:47.070 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: depth the feeling about that, although the popular literature was not included in this analysis, the current debate on health care reform in the US is informative with regard to the range and depth of emotions related to social justice and injustices. 158 00:30:51.000 --> 00:30:59.190 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: When one states that although Wilson states that, although a concept could have several meanings, it is important to choose a. 159 00:31:00.300 --> 00:31:17.490 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: definition that works most efficiently without being too restrictive and so after this intensive review of literature multi disciplinary review of literature and reflection and thought we came up with this definition of social justice. 160 00:31:18.570 --> 00:31:30.000 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: full participation in society and the balancing of benefits and burdens by all citizens resulting an equitable living and adjust ordering of society. 161 00:31:33.420 --> 00:31:41.970 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: attributes again are the critical characteristics that helps differentiate one concept from another concept and to clarify its meaning. 162 00:31:42.540 --> 00:31:49.860 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So this was challenging for us because organizations and entities, as you saw view social justice differently. 163 00:31:50.190 --> 00:32:00.030 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also, we felt it through the reading that social justice, both was a process of how to obtain social justice and a product, what does social justice, look like. 164 00:32:00.270 --> 00:32:08.190 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And so, this made attributes a little bit difficult to come up with, but we did define we did determine five attributes. 165 00:32:08.610 --> 00:32:16.530 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: of social justice so again, these are the characteristics that are more unique to social justice, which is fairness. 166 00:32:17.310 --> 00:32:37.800 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: equity in the distribution of power, resources and processes that affect the sufficiency of the social determinants of health just institutions systems structures policies and processes equity in human development, rights and sustainability and sufficiency of well being. 167 00:32:40.770 --> 00:32:53.520 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So next we talked about the antecedents so what comes before social justice we determine that the antecedents, in our view, point of social justice, were first, you have to have a society. 168 00:32:53.970 --> 00:32:57.180 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And this is inclusive of people groups of people. 169 00:32:57.600 --> 00:33:12.660 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also, legal, social, economic and political institutions systems and governments and markets also before you can have social justice, you need respect which includes respect for others for members of group and for self. 170 00:33:13.470 --> 00:33:21.270 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also, an antecedent is political will and popular support, these are necessary to assure equitable process is. 171 00:33:22.830 --> 00:33:32.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Justice is inclusive of just procedures contributions distributions institutions and just social and political structures. 172 00:33:34.020 --> 00:33:54.660 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: Also, equity, and that is equity, from the start, meaning equity from prenatal development which is essential for all dimensions of life, such as an including opportunities and access full participation in decision making social determinants of health representation rates injustices. 173 00:33:55.740 --> 00:34:07.320 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So then, what are the consequences we felt that the consequences of social justice, what does the world look like after we would have a socially just world with that there would be peace. 174 00:34:09.000 --> 00:34:09.690 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: liberty. 175 00:34:11.940 --> 00:34:12.600 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: equity. 176 00:34:14.490 --> 00:34:16.560 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: The just ordering of society. 177 00:34:17.880 --> 00:34:21.630 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: sufficiency of the social determinants of health and health. 178 00:34:22.860 --> 00:34:26.040 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: safety and security for all members of society. 179 00:34:29.130 --> 00:34:37.170 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So for discussion aspect this study limitations were that we use only English language articles and some. 180 00:34:37.620 --> 00:34:44.220 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: text may have been missed some articles may have been missed if we cannot obtain full text articles. 181 00:34:44.760 --> 00:34:53.220 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So in answering the questions of concept we answered to we answered what is social justice and we provided that definition. 182 00:34:53.640 --> 00:35:00.660 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And we answered, what are the defining attributes antecedents and consequences, and so, for today. 183 00:35:01.230 --> 00:35:05.820 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: In just a minute I have just a couple more slides but i'd like to come back to this slide after i'm done. 184 00:35:06.300 --> 00:35:11.910 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: And, have you share with me or with each other or through the chat well, however, that works. 185 00:35:12.330 --> 00:35:26.040 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: If you from hearing this and these terms and different ways of thinking about social justice if your own view of social justice and its attributes antecedents consequences and definition have changed. 186 00:35:27.420 --> 00:35:29.880 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So I have a work, study well. 187 00:35:31.050 --> 00:35:42.390 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: A person lizzie she's no longer works that he who helped me with the development of this PowerPoint and there is a link to the publication and then just a final graphic of social justice. 188 00:35:44.130 --> 00:35:52.650 Kelly Buettner-Schmidt: So with that again i'd like to go back and I guess pass it off to just an open discussion also about my question here.