DSpace at NDSUThe DSpace digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material.http://library.ndsu.edu:443/ir2024-03-29T08:43:19Z2024-03-29T08:43:19ZGenome-wide Scan for Loci Affecting Iron Deficieny Chlorosis in Soybean.Chikara, Shireenhttps://hdl.handle.net/10365/337622024-03-28T23:38:58Z2010-01-01T00:00:00ZGenome-wide Scan for Loci Affecting Iron Deficieny Chlorosis in Soybean.
Chikara, Shireen
Iron deficiency results in iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean grown in the
north central regions of the United States. Soybean plants display a variety of symptoms,
ranging from slight yellowing of the leaves to interveinal chlorosis, and sometimes IDC is
followed by stunted growth. In severe cases IDC may even lead to cell death. The
objective of this project was to employ a whole genome association mapping approach to
uncover the genomic regions associated with the iron deficiency trait in soybean. Golden
gate assay technology was applied to expedite the screening of 1,536 single nucleotide
polymorphisms in two different sets of soybean populations belonging to the year 2005 and
2006. The two soybean populations were screened for IDC at multiple locations in
replicated field trials.
The experiment only considered marker loci with a minor allele frequency greater
than 0.1. Probability-probability plot helped in selecting the appropriate general linear
models, which controlled for only population structure, and mixed linear models, which
controlled for both the population structure and the ancestry. For the 2005 population, three
statistical approaches (PCA, PCA+K and PCA+K*) identified twelve marker/trait
associations, and for the 2006 population, five statistical models (Q, PCA, Q+K, Q+K * and
PCA+K*) resulted in the discovery of twenty-two such associations. Although none of the
markers significantly associated with JDC was common to both the populations under
study, similar regions of significance were observed between the two years. When the
phenotypic and the genotypic data of the two populations were combined, 10 markers were significantly (pFDR < 0.01) associated with the IDC trait using the PCA and PCA+K*
statistical models. Out of the 10 markers, six selected markers showed a significant
phenotypic mean difference for the tolerant and susceptible alleles. A detailed analysis
revealed that using a smaller set of combinations from these six markers can effectively
identify IDC tolerant genotypes. The next step would be to verify the reproducibility of the
selected set of marker combinations in another set of populations.
2010-01-01T00:00:00ZNeural Synchrony and Asynchrony as Mechanisms for Perceptual Grouping and SegmentationClarke, Aaronhttps://hdl.handle.net/10365/337612024-03-28T23:29:58Z2010-01-01T00:00:00ZNeural Synchrony and Asynchrony as Mechanisms for Perceptual Grouping and Segmentation
Clarke, Aaron
The question of whether neural synchrony has functional significance for cortical
processing has been an issue of contention in the recent scientific literature. Although
the balance of evidence now seems to be favoring a vie,v that synchrony does indeed
play a significant functional role, this role's mechanisms and its behavioral consequences
have not been fully elucidated. In this research I add to the growing body of evidence
in favor of a significant functional role for neural synchrony in cortical processing.
By leveraging a modified version of Cheadle, Bauer, Parton, Muller, Bonneh and
Usher (2008)'s psychophysical paradigm and through experiments of own design,
I find evidence suggesting that when contrast oscillations serve as inputs to the
visual system, the system produces behavior that may be more synchronous than
the stimulus or less synchronous than the stimulus depending on whether or not the
oscillations occur on elements of a common object or on elements of separate objects
respectively. The current paradigm has the potential to test behavioral manifestations
of the underlying neural dynamics that heretofore were largely thought to be confined
to physiological measures. Furthermore, I provide a biophysical model that predicts
this behavior and other related electrophysiological findings.
2010-01-01T00:00:00ZStatic Stretching versus Dynamic Stretching in AthleticsDale, Dewayne Nathanielhttps://hdl.handle.net/10365/337602024-03-28T23:16:11Z2010-01-01T00:00:00ZStatic Stretching versus Dynamic Stretching in Athletics
Dale, Dewayne Nathaniel
Athletes in a variety of sports will perform a stretching routine before each workout
or competition. This is why coaches, strength and conditioning specialists, and athletic
trainers are always in search of new ways to increase performance and reduce injuries. As
there are different types of flexibility, there are a variety of types of stretching techniques,
and all have their purpose in the athletic world. Static stretching has been the traditional
way of physically preparing the body prior to exercise, and recent research is bending
toward another stretching technique, dynamic stretching. Static stretching is an easy to
learn technique that increases static flexibility, relaxes muscles, and realigns muscle fibers,
but it may not be the best way to "warm" the body up before a workout or competition.
Performing a dynamic stretching routine can provide athletes with opportunities to perform
sports specific movements and to increase blood flow and temperature, which is a true way
to "warm" up the body beforehand. These two different techniques can be utilized
effectively within an athlete's workout regimen. However, the differences in the athletes,
gender, and the type and level of the sport are important factors to consider in the
evaluation of the two stretching techniques. By understanding these main areas, it will be
easier to develop a well-designed warm-up prior to a competition.
2010-01-01T00:00:00ZA Free and Flexible Poker EnvironmentDeBilt, Daniel Georgehttps://hdl.handle.net/10365/337592024-03-28T23:03:03Z2010-01-01T00:00:00ZA Free and Flexible Poker Environment
DeBilt, Daniel George
This paper introduces a framework and software that allows poker players to
create and play original and custom poker games, through a TCP/IP
connection, for free. This paper describes how the concept of playing usercreated
poker games over the Internet is not known to currently exist in a
flexible, private, and free environment and also critiques what currently does
exist and is available for use. This paper also summarizes the software
development process used and the deliverables that ultimately led to a
working software application. Future version features and application
extensions are also discussed that may enhance the user experience, as well
as future research projects.
2010-01-01T00:00:00Z