The pathophysiological mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and head and neck cancers (HNCs) have not been fully investigated. Currently, investigating the relationship between HNCs and OSA is incomplete due to the restriction of histological, molecular, and clinical evidence. In this research, the first section reviews the common course of therapy in patients with HNCs and OSA, the causal relationship and association between HNCs and OSA, and the scope of statistical methods used to investigate the association between HNCs and OSA. According to the observation from the literature review, more rigorously designed studies with longitudinal data collection should be considered. To explore the potential in longitudinal data of HNCs patients with OSA, the second section concentrate on developing a framework that will determine the change over time of Apnea-Hypopnea index (AHI) in OSA patients and estimate the effect of treatment on the rate of change of AHI. Successfully address and confirm the relationship between HNCs treatment and OSA promise to support the management of cancer and OSA in adults.