Architecture for the Third Place: How design Can Promote Third-Place Activities in an Indoor, Urban, Midwestern Context

Abstract

This research began with the goal of designing an ideal indoor public space for Fargo, North Dakota's frigid winters. To understand the best design for the proposed public space, a broader question is posed: How can architecture encourage third-place activities in an indoor, urban, Midwestern environment? The third-place concept was first proposed by Ray Oldenburg's text The Great Good Place (1989) and is the foundation of this research. Oldenburg defines the term 'Third Place' as an informal space which supports relationships among community members. The research begins with compiling case studies of spaces which host third-place activities and identifying re-occurring patterns of user behavior and architectural design. The research cumulates with six key third-place activities, and how specific architectural elements can encourage these activities.