Thrombolysis of Blood Clots using Wirelessly Powered Inferior Vena Cava Filters

Abstract

Venous thromboembolisms (VTE) are estimated to affect up to 900,000 individuals in the U.S. each year. Traditionally, VTE is treated prophylactically with anticoagulants or directly with thrombolytic therapies. Both treatments have significant limitations, side effects, and potentially fatal adverse effects. Inferior vena cava filters are another treatment for VTE but are less common because of risks like clot accumulation and occlusion. Modifying the standard filters to wirelessly powered thrombolytic filters combines the positive attributes of anticoagulants and thrombolytics without the associated adverse effects. Computer simulations and in vitro experiments were conducted to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a wirelessly powered filter. The filters are designed to capture and then heat blood clots. At 55°C the D fragment domains of fibrin denature causing the entire structure to break apart. This allows the filter to prevent formation of new clots as well as dissolve captured clots, preventing accumulation.