Powerful and Powerless Language in Health Media: An Examination of the Effects of Biological Sex and Topic Focus on Language Styles
Abstract
Powerless language has been shown to influence audience perceptions, and the media has
been shown to influence health behaviors. However, little research has looked at
powerless language in health media. This study expands current research regarding
powerless language through an examination of written health media. A content analysis
on the use of powerless language in health-related articles was conducted for 12 popular
magazines over a one-year time span. Analysis compared differences in use of powerless
language relative to three variables: biological sex of the author, the biological sex of the
audience, and the magazine's overall topic focus. Female authors and health-focused
magazines used more powerless language than male authors and generic-focused
magazines. Powerless language was more often directed towards a female audience than
a male audience. Implications of such findings and suggestions for future research are
also discussed.