Health, Nutrition & Exercise Science Masters Theses

Permanent URI for this collectionhdl:10365/32478

Browse

Browsing Health, Nutrition & Exercise Science Masters Theses by browse.metadata.program "Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    An Analysis of Kinesio® Tape on Mitigation of Dynamic Knee Valgum
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) Smedley, Katelynn
    Kinesio® Tape has potential to be an intervention to mitigate dynamic knee valgum. This research project investigated the effect of Kinesio® Tape has on dynamic knee valgum through three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis in females with a history or current participation in competitive basketball or volleyball. Thirty volunteers preformed a Y-Balance test and drop jump landing (DJL) test with three different taping conditions. No tape, Kinesio® Performance Plus Tape for the facilitative gluteus medius application, and Kinesio® Tex Classic Tape for the spiral technique (ST). Results observed a statistically significant decrease in knee abduction valgum angle during 100 ms after initial contact on a DJL with application of the Kinesio® spiral technique. No significant results were observed between all three conditions during Y-Balance testing. Based off these findings we can conclude that applying the Kinesio® spiral technique mitigates dynamic knee valgum, therefore possibly decreasing the risk for ACL injury in females.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    An Analysis of Kinesio® Tape on Myofascial Pain Syndrome of the Iliotibial Band
    (North Dakota State University, 2021) Riegel, Hannah Nicole
    This study analyzed the effects of Kinesio® Tape on pain pressure threshold (PPT) of trigger points (TrPs) within the iliotibial band (ITB). Fifty participants were evaluated for TrPs in the ITB. An algometer was used to measure pre-intervention PPT followed by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for pain. A sham or fascial taping technique was applied. After 10 minutes, a post-intervention PPT was obtained. After 48 hours, participants returned where post-intervention PPT and VAS was obtained with the tape on and PPT again 10 minutes following tape removal. Participants reported a decrease in pain. There was a slight increase in PPT from pre-tape to 10-minutes post tape. An ANOVA model incorporating all four measurements was statistically significant. There is sufficient evidence to suggest the fascial taping technique is effective at manipulating PPT of TrPs. Overall, more pressure was needed to elicit pain and the TrPs became less symptomatic.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Athletic Trainers' Ability to Establish Peripheral Intravenous Access
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) McCormack, Elizabeth
    Certified athletic trainers (AT) are usually the first to respond to an athletic emergency heat illness (EHI) and are expected to provide prehospital care. The goal of this study was to investigate the percentage of athletic trainers who could successfully place an intravenous (IV) line and retain the skill for 30 days. Fifteen ATs received an educational training on how to place an IV from a nationally registered paramedic (NR-P) Those ATs who were successful in administering an IV were asked to report 30 days later for follow-up. Data were analyzed to compare IV placement success rates, confidence levels before and after each attempt, and ATs perceived value in the newly learned skill. The concept of ATs’ success in IV placement will need additional study to help develop athletic training educational curricula and modify any prehospital care standards if necessary.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Concussion Awareness & Recognition: Youth Sport Parent's Perceptions
    (North Dakota State University, 2011) Lindback, Marissa Jae
    Youth sport concussion has recently become a topic of concern for health care professionals. Young athletes are at greater risk of sustaining a concussion because children have a greater head-to-body ratio and their cervical musculature and cranial bones are not fully developed. Access to on-site medical professionals is limited for young athletes, leaving recognition and management of the injury to the parents. Limited research has examined parental knowledge of concussion. The purpose of this study was to examine youth sport parents' knowledge regarding the recognition, assessment, and management of concussion. A cross-sectional descriptive design utilizing a SurveyMonkey™ questionnaire was emailed to all parents associated with two gymnastics organizations in the Fargo-Moorhead metro area. Included in the survey were outcome measures that included knowledge of concussion etiology, the ability to recognize concussive symptoms, and knowledge of concussion management. Eighty-nine parents of youth sports athletes participated in this study, a 25 percent response rate. A novel survey instrument was developed to assess parental concussion knowledge. Internal reliability of the instrument was established prior to the study with a pilot group (Cronbach's alpha= 0.67). Data analysis included information regarding frequency and percentages of overall results and demographic data. Overall, participants in this study had moderate knowledge of concussion recognition, diagnosis, and management. Participants with and without prior medical training differed significantly in their knowledge of concussion etiology (P= 0.0016). There was no significant difference between these groups in their ability to recognize concussive symptoms (P= 0.08) or in the knowledge level regarding concussion management (P= 0.68). There was no significant difference between parents with children who participate in more than one sport and those whose children participate in gymnastics only (P= 0.76). Those who have personally (themselves or their children) been diagnosed with a concussion and those who had never been diagnosed with a concussion were not significantly different in their overall concussion knowledge (P= 1.92). Parents have a moderate level of knowledge regarding some aspects of concussive injuries. Additional educational opportunities for parents may help increase concussion awareness.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of Diabetic Retinopathy Education on Knowledge and Planned Lifestyle Activities
    (North Dakota State University, 2010) Youd, Lindsay Marie
    Prevalence of diabetes is increasing in the United States as well as in North Dakota. Diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes, is seen in 40-45% of Americans diagnosed with diabetes. It is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in adults. Complications of diabetes can be decreased by controlling blood glucose levels. Blood pressure. and blood lipids as well as receiving preventive care in a timely manner. Since diabetic retinopathy may have no symptoms. it is important for healthcare providers as well as those with diabetes to be aware of the disease and how to prevent and treat it. Currently a diet for diabetic retinopathy does not exist. Although there are diet recommendations for controlling blood glucose. blood pressure. and blood lipids. In this study. an educational program about diabetic retinopathy and diet was developed based on current research. The educational program was provided to two groups of participants. Group I (n=20) and Group 2 (n=40). Group I participants were divided into experimental and control (n=7) subgroups. Participants in the experimental group completed a survey prior to and after an educational program. Participants in the control group completed a survey prior to and after reading a brochure on diabetic retinopathy and diet. Group 2 participants were recruited from a required \\ellness class at North Dakota State University and completed a survey prior to and after an educational program. Mean scores on the pre-and post-surveys were compared to evaluate effectiveness of the educational program. Mean pre- and post- survey scores for Group I experimental and control combined were 12.55 and 14.00 and for Group 2. 11.58 and 12. 78. A significant change in scores was seen in both Ciro up I (p 0 .016) and Group 2 (Sig=.000. df 39. t=4.183). No significant difference in mean pre- (p=.978) and post-survey (p=.381) scores was seen between Group 1 experimental and control group. In Group 1 both the educational program and the brochure were effective. and no significant interaction between and within subjects (p=.486) was seen. Participants did not change their stage of change as a result of participating in the diabetic retinopathy program. although all of the participants indicated an intention to make at least one behavioral change. The program including interactive activities. PowerPoint slides. and questionnaires will be used as part of a state-wide educational curriculum targeted towards older adults.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation over Protective Athletic Equipment as Performed by Certified Athletic Trainers
    (North Dakota State University, 2020) Skaro, Kaitlyn Colleen
    Certified Athletic Trainers (ATCs) are expected to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on athletes experiencing cardiac arrest, regardless of whether the athlete is wearing protective athletic equipment. The goal of this research was to determine if ATCs were able to deliver high-quality CPR over and under football shoulder pads. Forty-one ATCs completed CPR according to 2015 AHA guidelines over and under shoulder pads fitted on a manikin. CPR quality was measured with the Resusci Anne Wireless SkillReporter. Data were analyzed to compare CPR performed over and under the shoulder pads. Overall CPR score, chest compression depth, and ventilation volume were statistically significant when CPR was performed over the equipment. Equipment removal revealed to cause a delay in compression initiation. Although the data from CPR measures suggest the removal of equipment is indicated, the prolonged delay of compressions due to equipment removal should be taken into consideration before establishing best-practice recommendations.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Ventilation Devices With Protective Hockey Equipment as Performed by Certified Athletic Trainers
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) Konkol, Lauren
    Certified Athletic Trainers (ATCs) are expected to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on athletes experiencing cardiac arrest regardless of the protective equipment worn by the athlete. Additionally, ventilation devices used by ATCs aid in the delivery of ventilations during CPR. The goal of this research was to determine which ventilation device allowed ATCs to deliver adequate ventilations and to establish recommendations for helmet removal method in hockey players requiring CPR. Twenty ATCs completed four scenarios of CPR according to the 2020 AHA guidelines using a PocketMask (PM) or FaceShield (FS) to deliver ventilations and accessing the airway by removing only the facemask or the entire helmet. Overall, the PM resulted in higher quality ventilations compared to the FS and complete removal of the helmet was superior compared to removing the only facemask. For hockey athletes requiring CPR, ATCs should remove the helmet completely and use a PM for ventilation delivery.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Effects of Humeral Retroversion on Range of Motion in the Throwing Athlete
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) Hoskins, Thomas
    The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between shoulder rotational range of motion once accounting for humeral retroversion (HR) and the Functional Arm Scale for Throwers (FAST). The following research questions guided the study: Is there a correlation between shoulder rotational range of motion (ROM) after HR is accounted for, and the total FAST pitcher’s subscale score? What specific questions on the FAST pitcher’s subscale can help sports medicine professionals predict the chance of rotational deficiencies in the throwing shoulder? Are pitchers with more years of college baseball more likely to see changes in total rotational ROM than pitchers with less years of college baseball? No relationship was found between rotational ROM and the FAST score or rotational ROM and total number of years playing college baseball. The findings suggest further research that needs to be performed on patient reported outcomes specific to changes in rotational ROM.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Effects of Kinesio Tape on Neck Disability and Pain
    (North Dakota State University, 2021) Zerbe, Rebekah Elizabeth
    Kinesio® Tape is a proposed treatment to improve neck disability due to its advertised benefits such as decompression of tissue, facilitation of muscles, and improvement in range of motion.1–5 While the advertised benefits appear promising and applicable for the treatment of neck pain, scientific evidence on its effectiveness is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine if Kinesio® Tape could alleviate neck pain and improve cervical range of motion on a mask-wearing population. Thirty adults with neck pain participated in the study. Active cervical range of motion and pain were recorded before and after application of Kinesio® tape over the cervical spine. Participants experienced a significant increase in cervical left lateral flexion (p=.014), cervical extension (p=.093), and right rotation (p=.059) in the taped condition compared to no tape. Additionally, pain decreased with application of the tape with (p<.001) and without movement (p=.001).
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Effects of Kinesiotape Star Technique in Individuals with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) Langer, Mickaella
    Kinesio® Tape is theorized to reduce pain and aid with movement during treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain. This study investigated the effect that Kinesio® Tape has on patient-reported outcome measures and on disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. Six volunteers exhibiting chronic non-specific low back pain, based on an included questionnaire, were recruited for this study. Patient-reported visual analog scores (VAS), Oswestry Disability (ODI) scores, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) scores and postural stability measured by the Biodex balance system, as well as timed up and go scores were recorded over two randomized sessions with Kinesio® Tape star technique and with a sham taping. Upon conclusion of this study there was significance found when looking at the pain, timed up and go, and ODI scores but there were not any differences found between the two different Kinesio® Tape taping techniques.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluation of a Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program
    (North Dakota State University, 2010) Strang, Michelle Glee
    The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) on participants' fruit and vegetable behavior at school and at home. The evaluation addressed 2 questions: (1) Did the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program affect students' availability of fruits or vegetable in the home. willingness to try or request fruits or vegetables from a parent, or fruit or vegetable consumption throughout the day? (2) Were any of these factors influenced by student age. ethnicity, family income. or gender? During the 2009-2010 school year, the intervention school distributed a daily fruit or vegetable snack to all students (kindergarten through grade 5) during the school day. Data were collected in the spring of 2010 from 3rd , 4th , and 5th grade students and their parents from two schools, one intervention (n=264) and one control (n=326), using a post-only survey. Data from parent and student surveys revealed no differences between schools; however, significant differences among demographic groups were uncovered. Students' willingness to try new fruits and vegetables was impacted by age, family income, and gender. When testing for the availability of fruits and vegetables in the home, data varied by age and ethnicity, while overall fruit and vegetable consumption scores and willingness to request fruits and vegetables from a parent differed by family income and gender. Findings indicate that the FFVP did not affect students' fruit and vegetable behavior away from school; conversely, student characteristics such as gender and family income did play a role. Future research should investigate if distributing free fruits and vegetables at school as a component of a more comprehensive approach, including supplemental activities such as nutrition education and parental involvement, would increase the positive outcomes of the program.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Evaluation of the Relationship Between Scapular Dyskinesis and Acromiohumeral Distance
    (North Dakota State University, 2022) Ives, Ariel
    This study analyzed the interaction between scapular dyskinesis (SDK) and acromiohumeral distance (AHD). Diagnostic ultrasound (DUS) was used to measure the AHD of 33 participants between 10 and 120o of weighted arm elevation in the scapular and frontal planes. Images were collected every 10o as the participant raised and held the weight at each increment. This process was completed bilaterally prior to completion of the Scapular Dyskinesis Test (SDT) to diagnose the presence of SDK. Intra-rater reliability was assessed with ICC (3,1) and four multilinear regressions were used to evaluate the relationship between AHD and SDK. Results indicated nearly perfect inter-rater reliability and a significant, positive relationship between AHD and SDK of the non-dominant arm in the scapular and frontal plane of movement.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Head Start Parents: Preferred Learning Methods, Nutrition Interests, and the Barriers to Participating in Nutrition Education Classes
    (North Dakota State University, 2010) Gregoire, Anne Rachel
    Background: Obesity rates in low-income populations continue to rise. Several federal nutrition programs have been established to increase the nutrition knowledge of individuals in these populations and improve their overall health through dietary change. However, there are unique challenges individuals must overcome in order to participate in nutrition education. Ill Objective: The purpose of this research was to identify barriers to participating in nutrition education classes, the preferred learning methods, and nutrition topics of interest of Head Start parents. Design: Surveys were distributed to Head Start parents in the Fargo, North Dakota area during the Head Start fall picnic. Although 67 individuals completed the survey, only 60 surveys met inclusion criteria for the current study. In order to participate in the survey, individuals were required to be 18 years of age, be able to read English, and have a child registered in the local Head Start program. Surveys were analyzed using descriptive data, frequencies, means, and t-tests. A significance level= 0.05 was used. Results: Most of the participants indicated they were Caucasian/white (72.4%). The top identified barriers to attending nutrition programs were childcare, time of day classes are offered, day of week classes are offered, and arranging to come to classes is too difficult. Not knowing about the classes was also a barrier to attending classes. Preferred learning methods included receiving recipes, practicing cooking in a class, and watching videos. Saving money at the grocery store, planning healthy meals, and maintaining a healthy weight were identified as the top valued nutrition topics. Participants who had at least some college education were more interested in computer and online programs compared to respondents who had a high school education or less. Half of the respondents indicated they would be interested in attending a class about nutrition and/or cooking. Compared with participants with no interest in attending nutrition or cooking classes, respondents who indicated an interested in attending classes reported significantly higher barriers for transportation (p=0.003) and not knowing about when the classes were offered (p=0.027). Differences between races were also identified. Compared to Caucasian/white, lack of transportation was significantly higher for other races (p=0.023). Compared to Caucasian/white, learning one-on-one with an instructor was favored by other races (p=0.046). Conclusions: Reducing barriers and increasing interest in nutrition may help improve attendance and may further the effort to combat obesity rates in lowincome populations. Preferred learning methods vary between groups and individuals. Creative ways to reach this population using online, computer programs, or videos may help educators focus their efforts to reach their target audiences with varying needs and preferences.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    How Intake of High Fructose Corn Syrup Relates to Reported IBS Symptoms during Times of Stress
    (North Dakota State University, 2021) Brittany Nicole, Twiss
    The dual purpose was to find whether a relationship exists between high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) intake and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, and if there are differences in intake of HFCS beverages during varying stress periods, measured through Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS-10). We recruited twenty-eight university students (89% female, 11% male). Participants average experienced gastrointestinal symptoms did not meet criteria for IBS. There was not a significant correlation found between the amount of HFCS-55 intake and reported IBS symptoms, r=.040, p=.717. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to evaluate the null hypothesis that there is no change in participant’s HFCS-55 intake when measured during low, moderate, and high stress environments (N=28). The results of the ANOVA did not indicate a significant effect, Wilk’s Lambda = .987, F (2,25) = .164, p = .073. Thus, there is not significant evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Neuromuscular Activation during Balance Testing in Young, Middle-aged, and Older Adults
    (North Dakota State University, 2021) Ripplinger, Miranda Lea
    Aging results in structural changes that inhibit functional balance with daily activities. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship of neuromuscular activation of the upper leg to balance and fall risk in the adult population. Eighteen males (32.44yrs ± 14.06) and 32 females (41.88yrs ± 18.07) completed strength and balance assessments with surface electromyography. Results indicated a significant age effect on the Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance score (p = 0.019), and a significant gender effect on knee flexion torque (p < 0.001) and knee extension torque (p < 0.001). Linear regression determined a significant association between reduced muscle coactivation, gender, and age to predict Fall Risk Sway Velocity Index scores (p = 0.010, R2 = .218). Middle-aged adults had worse balance scores, and females demonstrated weaker muscular strength; reduced neuromuscular coactivation, age, and gender predicted 21.8% of the variability in Fall Risk scores.